The current lyophilization technology for biopharmaceuticals and vaccine products is capital and energy-intensive, largely due to the use of indirect, conductive heat transfer. The heat removal and ...

Freeze-drying, or lyophilization, is the principal method for converting heat-sensitive pharmaceuticals into stable, dry solids by sublimating ice from a frozen matrix under vacuum. Optimization of ...

The Gourdie laboratory had a problem of its own making. The lab at the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC has spent years exploring how microscopic containers naturally found in raw cow's ...

The lyophilization process has three stages: freezing, primary drying, which removes ice by sublimation under vacuum, and secondary drying, which removes bound water by desorption. Freezing sets the ...

Freeze drying, also known as lyophilisation, is a common method of preservation used in many products, from the fresh herbs and vegetables that top store-bought pizzas to the instant coffee in our ...

Things that are freeze-dried: Astronaut food. Emergency rations. And, just maybe, some future COVID-19 vaccines. Freeze-drying is a method for removing water from a product. First, you freeze the item ...