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The latest news on HIV prevention, treatment and cure from around the world. NAM Publications (known as aidsmap) is a charity based in the United Kingdom. We work to change lives by sharing information about HIV & AIDS. We believe independent, clear and accurate information is vital in the fight against HIV & AIDS. Our information is intended ...
Estimated HIV risk per exposure - Aidsmap
Each log 10 increase in viral load is estimated to increase transmission risk threefold (relative risk 2.89). Very recent (acute) HIV infection, a time when viral load is exceptionally high, increases the risk sevenfold (relative risk 7.25). Similarly, advanced HIV disease increases the risk sixfold (relative risk 5.81).
Female-to-female sexual transmission of HIV - Aidsmap
Key points. The risk of female-to-female sexual transmission is extremely rare, with only a handful of reported cases. HIV-positive women who identify as lesbian may have acquired HIV through injecting drug use or sex with men. Transmission is possible through sharing of sex toys and exposure to blood during sex.
How likely is mother-to-child transmission of HIV? - Aidsmap
Transmission from pregnant women with diagnosed HIV has fallen to 0.3% and 0.2% in the UK and France respectively. In 21 countries in sub-Saharan Africa surveyed in 2019, the transmission rate varied between 2 and 25%. The countries with the best figures were Botswana, Eswatini, South Africa and Namibia (all below 5%).
On-demand PrEP is highly effective, but some may find it confusing
Jul 8, 2020 · On-demand PrEP is also known as event-based PrEP or PrEP 2-1-1. It involves taking two tablets 2 to 24 hours before engaging in sex, taking a single tablet 24 hours after the first two, and another tablet 24 hours after that. On-demand PrEP using daily Truvada was shown to be highly effective for gay and bisexual men in the French IPERGAY study.
Antiretroviral drug chart - Aidsmap
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Are HIV tests accurate in people taking HIV treatment, PrEP
A protein substance (immunoglobulin) produced by the immune system in response to a foreign organism. Many diagnostic tests for HIV detect the presence of antibodies to HIV in blood. post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) A month-long course of antiretroviral medicines taken after exposure or possible exposure to HIV, to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV.
The stages of HIV infection - Aidsmap
The symptoms of acute HIV infection can include fever, rash, chills, headache, fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea, sore throat, night sweats, appetite loss, mouth ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, muscle and joint aches – all of them symptoms of an acute inflammation (immune reaction). effectiveness. How well something works (in real life conditions).
Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) Emtricitabine 200mg capsule 1 Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, indigestion, headache, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, raised liver enzyme, amylase or creatine kinase levels, raised blood sugar and triglyceride levels, rash, itching, skin darkening, insomnia, abnormal dreams
Recommended treatments for HIV - Aidsmap
The recommended first-line HIV treatments for most people all include an integrase inhibitor: either dolutegravir or bictegravir. It is usually taken together with a nucleoside backbone as part of a three-drug combination. There are five options: Dolutegravir / tenofovir disoproxil / emtricitabine. This is usually taken as two pills: Tivicay ...